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t - table and degrees of freedom



2019 Community Moderator ElectionCorrelation between time to event data and continuous dataCalculation and Visualization of Correlation Matrix with PandasHow to scrape a table from a webpage?Statistics - Train and test data splitSimple Q-Table Learning: Understanding Example CodeAre Hadoop and Python SciPy used for the same?Out of Memory Error when Selecting Data from Redshift TableOptimizing an averaged perceptron algorithm using numpy and scipy instead of dictionariesPandas: Assign back to table from grouping by column and indexError in Calculating the z Score for Normality Detection using numpy and scipy










1












$begingroup$


I am interested if someone can review this process and give me some tips. (I don't have any data science coworkers or friends to collaborate with...) When the script (.py file) below runs, it will output/print:



The total savings are 9793 kWh + - 192 kWh
The total savings are 9793 kWh + - 2.0 %


Ultimately I am attempting calculate "precision" with my results (+ - 192 kWh AND + - 2.0 %) ..



For starters, I cant find this info online so here's a snip from a book I am referencing on calculating data set standard error, then absolute precision, relative precision.



enter image description here



For retrieving my critical t value, I am following these steps from machinelearningmastery.com. This is where the scipy.stats import t package is required.



I cant remember where degrees of freedom comes into play. The machinelearningmastery example, the author uses df = 10 So until I can figure out this, I left that as a default value in my code below. If someone wanted to copy and paste the code below it should run...



I cant remember from college where degrees of freedom comes into play and how to utilize it. The length of the data when its converted into df2 Pandas dataframe is 31, which represents one months data 31 days. Any tips greatly appreciated..



import os
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import math
from scipy.stats import t

#actual electrical energy in kWh
actual = 40000

#calculated savings in kWh, output from Keras regression
data = [np.array([[1083.8748]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[998.98773]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1137.0487]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1077.2798]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[926.41284]], dtype='float32'),
np.array([[1030.7125]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1028.0048]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[523.9799]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1125.092]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1119.7738]], dtype='float32'),
np.array([[918.6966]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1112.5186]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[555.6942]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1096.5643]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[826.35657]], dtype='float32'),
np.array([[1014.35406]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1027.6962]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[924.20087]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1035.217]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1008.9658]], dtype='float32'),
np.array([[970.54047]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[847.0671]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[913.5519]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1047.0747]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[920.0606]], dtype='float32'),
np.array([[994.2266]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[991.4501]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[972.43256]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[934.8802]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[912.04004]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1131.297]], dtype='float32')]

#convert data to pandas series then DataFrame
df = pd.Series(data)
df2 = pd.DataFrame(df)

#define sum, standard deviation, mean of calculated savings data
total = df2.sum()
totalStd = np.std(df2.values)
totalMean = df2.mean()

#calculate saings
diff = int(actual - total)

#compute precision of results, starting with standard error
stdErr = totalStd / math.sqrt(len(total.index))

# define probability & degrees of freedom
p = 0.90
degf = 10

# retrieve t value <= probability
t = t.ppf(p, degf)

#calculate absolute precision
absPrec = t * stdErr

#calculate relative precision
relPrec = (100 * (absPrec / diff)).round(decimals=1)


#print results
absSavings = f'The total savings are int(diff) kWh + - int(absPrec) kWh'
print(absSavings)

relSavings = f'The total savings are int(diff) kWh + - float(relPrec) %'
print(relSavings)









share|improve this question









$endgroup$
















    1












    $begingroup$


    I am interested if someone can review this process and give me some tips. (I don't have any data science coworkers or friends to collaborate with...) When the script (.py file) below runs, it will output/print:



    The total savings are 9793 kWh + - 192 kWh
    The total savings are 9793 kWh + - 2.0 %


    Ultimately I am attempting calculate "precision" with my results (+ - 192 kWh AND + - 2.0 %) ..



    For starters, I cant find this info online so here's a snip from a book I am referencing on calculating data set standard error, then absolute precision, relative precision.



    enter image description here



    For retrieving my critical t value, I am following these steps from machinelearningmastery.com. This is where the scipy.stats import t package is required.



    I cant remember where degrees of freedom comes into play. The machinelearningmastery example, the author uses df = 10 So until I can figure out this, I left that as a default value in my code below. If someone wanted to copy and paste the code below it should run...



    I cant remember from college where degrees of freedom comes into play and how to utilize it. The length of the data when its converted into df2 Pandas dataframe is 31, which represents one months data 31 days. Any tips greatly appreciated..



    import os
    import numpy as np
    import pandas as pd
    import math
    from scipy.stats import t

    #actual electrical energy in kWh
    actual = 40000

    #calculated savings in kWh, output from Keras regression
    data = [np.array([[1083.8748]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[998.98773]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1137.0487]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1077.2798]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[926.41284]], dtype='float32'),
    np.array([[1030.7125]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1028.0048]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[523.9799]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1125.092]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1119.7738]], dtype='float32'),
    np.array([[918.6966]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1112.5186]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[555.6942]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1096.5643]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[826.35657]], dtype='float32'),
    np.array([[1014.35406]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1027.6962]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[924.20087]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1035.217]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1008.9658]], dtype='float32'),
    np.array([[970.54047]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[847.0671]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[913.5519]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1047.0747]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[920.0606]], dtype='float32'),
    np.array([[994.2266]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[991.4501]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[972.43256]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[934.8802]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[912.04004]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1131.297]], dtype='float32')]

    #convert data to pandas series then DataFrame
    df = pd.Series(data)
    df2 = pd.DataFrame(df)

    #define sum, standard deviation, mean of calculated savings data
    total = df2.sum()
    totalStd = np.std(df2.values)
    totalMean = df2.mean()

    #calculate saings
    diff = int(actual - total)

    #compute precision of results, starting with standard error
    stdErr = totalStd / math.sqrt(len(total.index))

    # define probability & degrees of freedom
    p = 0.90
    degf = 10

    # retrieve t value <= probability
    t = t.ppf(p, degf)

    #calculate absolute precision
    absPrec = t * stdErr

    #calculate relative precision
    relPrec = (100 * (absPrec / diff)).round(decimals=1)


    #print results
    absSavings = f'The total savings are int(diff) kWh + - int(absPrec) kWh'
    print(absSavings)

    relSavings = f'The total savings are int(diff) kWh + - float(relPrec) %'
    print(relSavings)









    share|improve this question









    $endgroup$














      1












      1








      1





      $begingroup$


      I am interested if someone can review this process and give me some tips. (I don't have any data science coworkers or friends to collaborate with...) When the script (.py file) below runs, it will output/print:



      The total savings are 9793 kWh + - 192 kWh
      The total savings are 9793 kWh + - 2.0 %


      Ultimately I am attempting calculate "precision" with my results (+ - 192 kWh AND + - 2.0 %) ..



      For starters, I cant find this info online so here's a snip from a book I am referencing on calculating data set standard error, then absolute precision, relative precision.



      enter image description here



      For retrieving my critical t value, I am following these steps from machinelearningmastery.com. This is where the scipy.stats import t package is required.



      I cant remember where degrees of freedom comes into play. The machinelearningmastery example, the author uses df = 10 So until I can figure out this, I left that as a default value in my code below. If someone wanted to copy and paste the code below it should run...



      I cant remember from college where degrees of freedom comes into play and how to utilize it. The length of the data when its converted into df2 Pandas dataframe is 31, which represents one months data 31 days. Any tips greatly appreciated..



      import os
      import numpy as np
      import pandas as pd
      import math
      from scipy.stats import t

      #actual electrical energy in kWh
      actual = 40000

      #calculated savings in kWh, output from Keras regression
      data = [np.array([[1083.8748]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[998.98773]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1137.0487]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1077.2798]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[926.41284]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[1030.7125]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1028.0048]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[523.9799]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1125.092]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1119.7738]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[918.6966]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1112.5186]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[555.6942]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1096.5643]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[826.35657]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[1014.35406]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1027.6962]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[924.20087]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1035.217]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1008.9658]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[970.54047]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[847.0671]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[913.5519]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1047.0747]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[920.0606]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[994.2266]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[991.4501]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[972.43256]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[934.8802]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[912.04004]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1131.297]], dtype='float32')]

      #convert data to pandas series then DataFrame
      df = pd.Series(data)
      df2 = pd.DataFrame(df)

      #define sum, standard deviation, mean of calculated savings data
      total = df2.sum()
      totalStd = np.std(df2.values)
      totalMean = df2.mean()

      #calculate saings
      diff = int(actual - total)

      #compute precision of results, starting with standard error
      stdErr = totalStd / math.sqrt(len(total.index))

      # define probability & degrees of freedom
      p = 0.90
      degf = 10

      # retrieve t value <= probability
      t = t.ppf(p, degf)

      #calculate absolute precision
      absPrec = t * stdErr

      #calculate relative precision
      relPrec = (100 * (absPrec / diff)).round(decimals=1)


      #print results
      absSavings = f'The total savings are int(diff) kWh + - int(absPrec) kWh'
      print(absSavings)

      relSavings = f'The total savings are int(diff) kWh + - float(relPrec) %'
      print(relSavings)









      share|improve this question









      $endgroup$




      I am interested if someone can review this process and give me some tips. (I don't have any data science coworkers or friends to collaborate with...) When the script (.py file) below runs, it will output/print:



      The total savings are 9793 kWh + - 192 kWh
      The total savings are 9793 kWh + - 2.0 %


      Ultimately I am attempting calculate "precision" with my results (+ - 192 kWh AND + - 2.0 %) ..



      For starters, I cant find this info online so here's a snip from a book I am referencing on calculating data set standard error, then absolute precision, relative precision.



      enter image description here



      For retrieving my critical t value, I am following these steps from machinelearningmastery.com. This is where the scipy.stats import t package is required.



      I cant remember where degrees of freedom comes into play. The machinelearningmastery example, the author uses df = 10 So until I can figure out this, I left that as a default value in my code below. If someone wanted to copy and paste the code below it should run...



      I cant remember from college where degrees of freedom comes into play and how to utilize it. The length of the data when its converted into df2 Pandas dataframe is 31, which represents one months data 31 days. Any tips greatly appreciated..



      import os
      import numpy as np
      import pandas as pd
      import math
      from scipy.stats import t

      #actual electrical energy in kWh
      actual = 40000

      #calculated savings in kWh, output from Keras regression
      data = [np.array([[1083.8748]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[998.98773]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1137.0487]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1077.2798]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[926.41284]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[1030.7125]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1028.0048]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[523.9799]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1125.092]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1119.7738]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[918.6966]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1112.5186]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[555.6942]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1096.5643]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[826.35657]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[1014.35406]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1027.6962]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[924.20087]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1035.217]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1008.9658]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[970.54047]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[847.0671]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[913.5519]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1047.0747]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[920.0606]], dtype='float32'),
      np.array([[994.2266]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[991.4501]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[972.43256]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[934.8802]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[912.04004]], dtype='float32'), np.array([[1131.297]], dtype='float32')]

      #convert data to pandas series then DataFrame
      df = pd.Series(data)
      df2 = pd.DataFrame(df)

      #define sum, standard deviation, mean of calculated savings data
      total = df2.sum()
      totalStd = np.std(df2.values)
      totalMean = df2.mean()

      #calculate saings
      diff = int(actual - total)

      #compute precision of results, starting with standard error
      stdErr = totalStd / math.sqrt(len(total.index))

      # define probability & degrees of freedom
      p = 0.90
      degf = 10

      # retrieve t value <= probability
      t = t.ppf(p, degf)

      #calculate absolute precision
      absPrec = t * stdErr

      #calculate relative precision
      relPrec = (100 * (absPrec / diff)).round(decimals=1)


      #print results
      absSavings = f'The total savings are int(diff) kWh + - int(absPrec) kWh'
      print(absSavings)

      relSavings = f'The total savings are int(diff) kWh + - float(relPrec) %'
      print(relSavings)






      python statistics scipy






      share|improve this question













      share|improve this question











      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question










      asked Mar 21 at 14:24









      HenryHubHenryHub

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