Paul von Jankó Koulutus | Jankón pianokoskettimisto | Lähteet | NavigointivalikkoThe Concise Grove Dictionary of Music.Janko Keyboard Piano

SoitinrakentajatSoitinten keksijätUnkarilaiset muusikotVuonna 1856 syntyneetVuonna 1919 kuolleet


2. kesäkuuta1856TataUnkari17. maaliskuuta1919KonstantinopoliTurkkiinsinööri1882pianokoskettimistostamatematiikkaaHermann von Helmholtzin1882Conrad HenflinginJohann RohlederinWilliam LunninsekunnintuumanRW Kurka1886WienissäLisztinSchubertinChopininBluthnerKapsIbachBriteissäHopkinson1888Broadwoodsormituksen







Piano, jossa on Janko-koskettimisto.


Paul von Jankó (2. kesäkuuta 1856 Tata, Unkari – 17. maaliskuuta 1919 Konstantinopoli, Turkki) oli unkarilainen muusikko ja insinööri. Hänet tunnetaan vuonna 1882 patentoidusta hänen nimellään kulkevasta pianokoskettimistosta.[1]



Koulutus |


Paul von Janko syntyi Länsi-Unkarissa. Hän opiskeli matematiikkaa ja toimi muusikkona ja insinöörinä. Hän opiskeli lääkäri ja fyysikko Hermann von Helmholtzin johdolla.[2]



Jankón pianokoskettimisto |


Hänen vuonna 1882 patentoimansa pianokoskettimisto oli suunniteltu siten, että soittajalla olisi suurempi ulottuvuus eri äänialoihin kummallakin kädellä ja että jokainen kosketin olisi yhtä helppo painaa. Koskettimisto oli saanut vaikutteita Conrad Henflingin, Johann Rohlederin sekä William Lunnin aiemmista ideoista. Von Janko järjesti kapeat kosketinnappulat kuuteen riviin. Kullekin riville oli sijoitettu suuren sekunnin etäisyydellä olevat äänet, ensimmäisellä, kolmannella ja viidennellä rivillä alkaen C:stä ja toisella, neljännellä ja kuudennella rivillä alkaen C#:stä. Jokaisen asteikon sormitus onnistui siten samalla tavalla ja oktaavi oli vain viiden tuuman etäisyydellä, kun se tavallisessa pianossa oli 6½ tuumaa.[2]




Janko-koskettimisto.


RW Kurka valmisti pianoja Jankon koskettimistolla 1886 ja Janko itse esitteli uutta malliaan Wienissä soittaen muun muassa Lisztin, Schubertin ja Chopinin teoksia.[2]


Saksassa Bluthner, Kaps ja Ibach valmistivat Janko-pianoja. Briteissä Hopkinson valmisti ensimmäisen Janko-pianon 1888 ja Broadwood vähän sen jälkeen. Vaikka keksintöä pidettiin tärkeänä ja potentiaalisena, vain harvat olivat valmiita opettelemaan uuden sormituksen Vuosisadan vaihteessa oli selvää, ettei se korvaisi perinteistä koskettimistoa. Vain muutama soitin on säilynyt jälkipolville.[2]



Lähteet |



  1. ↑ The Concise Grove Dictionary of Music. Music Encyclopedia.. 1994. Oxford University Press, Inc.. Viitattu 11. huhtikuuta 2008. (englanniksi)


  2. ↑ abcd Alfred Dolge: Janko Keyboard Piano Pianos and Their Makers. 1911. Viitattu 11. huhtikuuta 2008. (englanniksi)







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