Atum Lähteet | NavigointivalikkoInfobox OKNimi-testi OKlaajentamalla

Muinaisen Egyptin jumalatAuringon jumalatLuojajumalat


EgyptissäHeliopoliksenRaKheprinPtahiinOsirikseenYlä-Ala-EgyptinwasankhenneadinalkumerestäNunShunTefnutinintersukupuolinenfaraon

















Atum
Atum.svg
Hieroglyfein



t
tm		 A40
Muita nimiä

Tem, Temu
Synkretisoidut muodot

Atum-Ra
Kulttikeskus

Heliopolis
Roolit

luojajumala
faraon isä

Infobox OKNimi-testi OK


Piirros Atum-jumalasta


Atum oli yksi vanhimmista muinaisessa Egyptissä palvotuista luojajumalista.[1] Atumin kultti keskittyi Heliopoliksen temppeliin, mutta häntä palvottiin myös muuallakin maassa.[1] Atum yhdistettiin usein Ra-jumalaan, jolloin hänen katsottiin edustavan laskevaa aurinkoa Kheprin ollessa nouseva ja Ran ollessa keskipäivän aurinko.[1] Myöhemmin Atum yhdistettiin myös Ptahiin ja Osirikseen.


Atum kuvattiin useimmiten miehenä, jolla oli päässään Ylä- ja Ala-Egyptin yhdistetty kruunu ja käsissään was-sauva ja ankh-amuletti.[1] Hänet sotketaan usein faraota esittäviin kuviin lähes identtisen kuvaamistavan vuoksi. Atum oli ensimmäisiä ellei jopa ensimmäinen täysin ihmisenä kuvattu jumala.


Atumin katsottiin olevan Heliopoliksen enneadin ensimmäinen jumala, jonka lapsia kaikki muut jumalat olivat.[1] Hänen uskottiin nousseen alkumerestä, jota edusti Nun, ja luoneen Shun ja Tefnutin sylkemällä. Atumin katsottiin edustavan molempia sukupuolia yhtä aikaa eli hän oli intersukupuolinen. Myöhempinä aikoina hänen katsottiin pariutuneen varjonsa kanssa.


Atumin uskottiin olevan faraon isä, jonka luokse farao palasi kuolemansa jälkeen. Atum myös suojeli vainajia manalassa vaanivilta demoneilta.



Lähteet |


  • Anthony S. Mercante: Who's Who in Egyptian Mythology. Toinen painos. Yhdysvallat: Metrobooks, 2002. ISBN 1-5866-3611-1. (englanniksi)


Viitteet |



  1. ↑ abcde Mercante 2002, s.185



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