Santa María de Laran kirkko Historiaa | Viitteet | NavigointivalikkoAlgunos problemas de las viejas iglesias españolas

Espanjan kirkotVisigoottien valtakunta


visigoottienIberian niemimaallaBurgosinMauritReconquistan







Kirkko nähtynä lännen puolelta. Alunperin keskiosa seinästä lienee ollut osa sisäseinää.


Santa María de Laran kirkko on viimeisiä säilyneitä visigoottien rakentamia kirkkoja Iberian niemimaalla. Se sijaitsee lähellä Quintanilla de las Viňasin kylää, lähellä Burgosin kaupunkia. Se on rakennettu arvioiden mukaan 600- 900 luvuilla jaa. Espanjan kansallisen monumentin arvon se sai 25. marraskuuta 1929. Kirkkoa pidetään merkittävänä paitsi ikänsä vuoksi, mutta myös siksi, että siellä uskotaan olevan Espanjan vanhin Kristusta esittävä kuva. [1]



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Santa Marían aluetta hallitsivat aluksi roomalaiset, jotka rakensivat sinne huviloitaan. Visigootit saapuivat alueelle kansainvaellusten myötä ja ryhtyivät rakentamaan kirkkoaan. Maurit valtasivat Iberian niemimaan vuonna 711. Tuolloin alue autioitui asukkaiden muutettua pohjoisemmaksi.


Reconquistan myötä alue vallattiin takain 900-luvulla ja tuolloin huomattiin, että alueen rakennukset olivat hylättyinä raunioituneet. Santa María de Laran kirkko päätettiin rakentaa uudelleen. Burgosin museosta löytyy hautakivi, jonka perusteella on päätelty jälleenrakentamisen tapahtuneen vuonna 902. Vuodelta 967 peräisin oleva kirje kertoo, että kirkko ja läheinen luostari ovat saaneet rahalahjoituksen.


Vuonna 1038 kirkko lahjoitettiin läheiselle San Pedro de Arlanzan luostarille. Tämän jälkeen se jäi vähitellen pois käytöstä ja se alkoi raunioitua. [2]


Paikallinen seurakuntapappi Don Bonifacio Zamora tajusi vuonna 1921, että hänen kävelyretkellään pensaistosta löytämänsä kasvuston peittämä rakennelma olikin itseasiassa ikivanha kirkko. Tuolloin sitä käytettiin karja-aitauksena. Hän yritti kertoa löydöstään asiantuntijoille, mutta kesti aina vuoteen 1927 asti, että asiantuntijat tulivat tutkimaan niitä. [3]




Kirkon pohjapiirros. Sinisellä väritetty osa on yhä olemassa ja muut piirroksen osat kuvaavat raunioituneita perustuksia. Kirkko on katettu nykyaikaisella puukatolla. (Iñiguez, 1955)[4]





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  1. ↑ http://www.planetware.com/tourist-attractions-/burgos-e-castl-burg.htm#E-CASTL-QUIVIN


  2. ↑ http://www.jdiezarnal.com/quintanilla.html


  3. ↑ Schlunk, Helmut, “Arte Visigodo”. in Ars Hispaniae, vol. II. Madrid, 1947.


  4. ↑ Iñiguez Almech, Francisco (1955). Algunos problemas de las viejas iglesias españolas, Cuadernos de Trabajos de la Escuela Española de Arqueología de Roma VII (in Spanish). Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 9–180. 



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