Ahdistus (tunne) Syitä | Katso myös | Lähteet | NavigointivalikkoISSN 0039-5560Teoksen verkkoversiolaajentamalla

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unihäiriöitäpelontulevaisuudessaaistilähtöistäkognitiolähtöistäeläimilläanalgeetitanestesia-aineetantihistamiinitantikolinergisetehkäisytabletitepilepsialääkkeetsympatomimeetitinsuliinikilpirauhashormonitlitiummasennuslääkkeetParkinsonin taudin lääkkeetpsykoosilääkkeetsydänlääkkeetverenpainelääkkeetAhdistuneisuushäiriötmielenterveyden häiriöitäperinnöllisenskitsofrenian





Ahdistus on tunnetila, johon voi liittyä tuskaisuutta, pelokkuutta, paniikkioireita, huolestuneisuutta ja unihäiriöitä. Ajoittainen ahdistus on osa kaikkien ihmisten elämää.[1] Ahdistus muuttuu patologiseksi, mikäli se on suhteettoman suurta (pieni tilanne tuottaa suurta ahdistusta), jatkuu pitkään stressaavan tilanteen jälkeenkin tai esiintyy ilman ulkoista syytä.[2]


Ahdistus on pelon tavoin normaali sopeutumisreaktio. Pelko on reaktio vaaraa ennustavaan ärsykkeeseen. Ahdistuksen kohde ei usein ole yhtä selkeä kuin pelon kohde, ja ahdistuksen kohde voi olla ajallisesti kauempana tulevaisuudessa. Pelko on aistilähtöistä, kun taas ahdistus on kognitiolähtöistä.[3]


Pelko ja ahdistus esiintyvät hyvin samanlaisina eri eläimillä, eli ne ovat evolutiivisesti konservoituneita.[3]



Syitä |


Ahdistuksen tunne on aivojen tarkasti säätelemä normaali reaktio uhkiin.[3]


Monet lääkeaineet voivat aiheuttaa sivuvaikutuksena ahdistuneisuutta. Tällaisia lääkeaineita ovat mm. analgeetit, anestesia-aineet, väsyttävät antihistamiinit, antikolinergiset aineet, ehkäisytabletit, epilepsialääkkeet, sympatomimeetit, insuliini, kilpirauhashormonit, litium, masennuslääkkeet, Parkinsonin taudin lääkkeet, psykoosilääkkeet, sydänlääkkeet ja verenpainelääkkeet.[4]


Ahdistuneisuushäiriöt ovat mielenterveyden häiriöitä, joiden oireisiin kuuluu ahdistuksen tunne. Ahdistuneisuushäiriöt ovat tavallisimpia mielenterveyden häiriöitä. Ahdistuneisuushäiriö puhkeaa yleensä ympäristötekijöiden ja perinnöllisen alttiuden yhteisvaikutuksesta.[3] Ahdistuneisuus voi olla skitsofrenian ennakko-oire[5].



Katso myös |


  • Masennus


Lähteet |



  1. ↑ http://www.vaestoliitto.fi/vanhemmuus/tietoa_vanhemmille/murrosikaisten-vanhemmat/tietoa/mielenterveys2/nuoren_ahdistus/


  2. ↑ http://web4health.info/fi/answers/anx-gen.htm


  3. ↑ abcd Hovatta, Iiris: Ahdistuneisuuden biologiaa. Suomen Lääkärilehti, 2011, 66. vsk, nro 36, s. 2585–2590. Suomen Lääkäriliitto. ISSN 0039-5560.


  4. ↑ Spoov, Johan ja Syvälahti, Erkka: ”Lääkkeiden, nautintoaineiden ja huumeiden aiheuttama ahdistus”, Masennuslääkkeet. Käyttöaiheet ja hoidon periaatteet, s. 19. Kapseli 32. Lääkelaitos ja KELA, 2003. Teoksen verkkoversio (viitattu 2.12.2011).


  5. ↑ http://schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/2/353.full.pdf



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