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Maito


kuivattuamaitoa elintarviketeollisuudessa äidinmaidonkorvikkeet venäläinenOsip Krichevsky1802kuivaamallapastöroidusta maidosta Ruuanvalmistukseensumu(tus)kuivattuahomogenoimatontalaktoosisenaviimeiseen myynti- tai käyttöpäivämääräänpakastamista







Maitojauhetta.


Maitojauhe on kuivattua maitoa. Maitojauhetta käytetään elintarviketeollisuudessa, kotitalouksissa sekä eläinten rehuksi [1]. Maitojauhepohjaisia valmisteita ovat muun muassa erilaiset kastike- ja keittoainekset, vanukasjauheet, jauhemaiset äidinmaidonkorvikkeet, lastenvelli- ja puurojauheet, kahvikermajauhe sekä kaakaomaitojauhe sekä suurtalouskäyttöön valmistetut erikoistuotteet.


Maitojauheen kehitti venäläinen tohtori Osip Krichevsky vuonna 1802 [2]



Valmistus |


Maitojauhe valmistetaan kuivaamalla eli poistamalla pastöroidusta maidosta vesi.[3] Maito kuivataan suihkuttamalla se kammioon, jossa se kohtaa vastakkaiseen suuntaan tulevan lämpimän ilmavirran. Lämmin ilma haihduttaa veden maitopisaroista, jonka jälkeen kuiva maitopulveri kerätään kasaan hienona pulverina. Kotitalouksien käyttöön tarkoitettu maitojauhe instantoidaan kuivatuksen jälkeen. Instantointi tarkoittaa maitojauheen hiukkaskoon kasvattamista. Isot hiukkaset liukenevat paremmin veteen kuin pienet hiukkaset [1]. Ruuanvalmistukseen käytetty maitojauhe on sumu(tus)kuivattua, instantoitua ja rasvatonta maitojauhetta. Maitojauhe on aina homogenoimatonta.[4] Maitojauhetta saa myös vähälaktoosisena. [5]


Yksi litra valmista maitoa saadaan sekoittamalla 2 dl maitojauhetta litraan vettä.[1]



Säilytys |


Avaamattomana tuote säilyy huoneenlämmössä vähintään viimeiseen myynti- tai käyttöpäivämäärään saakka. Avattuna, kosteudelta suojattuna säilyvyys on noin 1-3 kk, tuotteesta riippuen.[4] Maitojauheen rakenne ei kestä pakastamista sillä se paakkuuntuu, jonka jälkeen jauheen käyttö voi olla hankalaa.



Lähteet |



  1. ↑ abc http://www.ruokatieto.fi/ruokakasvatus/ruokakasvatus/ruokaketju-ruuan-matka-pellolta-poytaan/keittio/ruuan-raaka-aineet/maitovalmisteet - luettu 29.3.2013


  2. ↑ http://www.primaryinfo.com/milk-powder.htm - luettu 29.3.2013


  3. ↑ http://www.maitojaterveys.fi/www/fi/liitetiedostot/Maitotietoa_A5_36_net.pdf - luettu 29.3.2013


  4. ↑ ab http://www.valio.fi/tuotteet/artikkeli/mainio-maitojauhe/ - luettu 29.3.2013


  5. ↑ http://www.pohjois-savo.fi/multimagazine/web/2009/1-2009/Tosiasiat/1.php - luettu 29.3.2013



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