High voltage LED indicator 40-1000 VDC without additional power supply Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara Planned maintenance scheduled April 23, 2019 at 23:30 UTC (7:30pm US/Eastern)Switching between high voltage power sourcesHigh Voltage Power Supply DesignBackup power supply with ledLED Strip Light - Power supply issuesPrecision High Voltage Power Supply Design?High Voltage Indicator based on specific threshold valueLED Strip setup on stairs. Unsure which power supply will work for 1200 LEDsPowering high power LEDs without resistorsPowering 3.3v-5V LED strip with 18650 batteriesHow supply or flash a LED with a low power solar cell?Power indicator for circuits with voltages much higher than LED forward voltages (say 15-48V)

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High voltage LED indicator 40-1000 VDC without additional power supply



Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara
Planned maintenance scheduled April 23, 2019 at 23:30 UTC (7:30pm US/Eastern)Switching between high voltage power sourcesHigh Voltage Power Supply DesignBackup power supply with ledLED Strip Light - Power supply issuesPrecision High Voltage Power Supply Design?High Voltage Indicator based on specific threshold valueLED Strip setup on stairs. Unsure which power supply will work for 1200 LEDsPowering high power LEDs without resistorsPowering 3.3v-5V LED strip with 18650 batteriesHow supply or flash a LED with a low power solar cell?Power indicator for circuits with voltages much higher than LED forward voltages (say 15-48V)



.everyoneloves__top-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard:empty,.everyoneloves__bot-mid-leaderboard:empty margin-bottom:0;








5












$begingroup$


I would like to make an indicator to show that DC bus (700VDC) capacitors are charged (be careful!).



What is the best way to make a LED indicator, which will work for a long time from 40VDC to 1000VDC without additional power supply and with minimum power losses?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$











  • $begingroup$
    "work with" how? What is the intention?
    $endgroup$
    – Eugene Sh.
    Apr 5 at 16:53










  • $begingroup$
    at what? constant current?
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    Apr 5 at 16:54










  • $begingroup$
    it should show us that DC bus capacitors are charged
    $endgroup$
    – Nikolay
    Apr 5 at 16:54






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Welcome to EE.SE! Keep in mind that questions about optimization (i.e., "What is the best ...?") require a definition about what problem dimensions are to be optimized for your application, such as size, speed, energy consumption, user experience, etc. Since these can't be optimized all at once, you need to have a good idea of which ones are most important to you, and be able to articulate that clearly to us.
    $endgroup$
    – Dave Tweed
    Apr 5 at 16:55






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    As interesting as an answer would be, my strong recommendation is that if you have to ask the question, you don't have the skills to work safely with HVDC. Mains is risky but you'll usually survive. At 700V though, one mistake and you're dead. Or one mistake in assembling your project and someone else is dead when the case goes live. You aren't safe to do it, and it would be dangerously idiotic to try. There are easier ways to commit suicide which probably won't kill other people too.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 5 at 21:50

















5












$begingroup$


I would like to make an indicator to show that DC bus (700VDC) capacitors are charged (be careful!).



What is the best way to make a LED indicator, which will work for a long time from 40VDC to 1000VDC without additional power supply and with minimum power losses?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$











  • $begingroup$
    "work with" how? What is the intention?
    $endgroup$
    – Eugene Sh.
    Apr 5 at 16:53










  • $begingroup$
    at what? constant current?
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    Apr 5 at 16:54










  • $begingroup$
    it should show us that DC bus capacitors are charged
    $endgroup$
    – Nikolay
    Apr 5 at 16:54






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Welcome to EE.SE! Keep in mind that questions about optimization (i.e., "What is the best ...?") require a definition about what problem dimensions are to be optimized for your application, such as size, speed, energy consumption, user experience, etc. Since these can't be optimized all at once, you need to have a good idea of which ones are most important to you, and be able to articulate that clearly to us.
    $endgroup$
    – Dave Tweed
    Apr 5 at 16:55






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    As interesting as an answer would be, my strong recommendation is that if you have to ask the question, you don't have the skills to work safely with HVDC. Mains is risky but you'll usually survive. At 700V though, one mistake and you're dead. Or one mistake in assembling your project and someone else is dead when the case goes live. You aren't safe to do it, and it would be dangerously idiotic to try. There are easier ways to commit suicide which probably won't kill other people too.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 5 at 21:50













5












5








5





$begingroup$


I would like to make an indicator to show that DC bus (700VDC) capacitors are charged (be careful!).



What is the best way to make a LED indicator, which will work for a long time from 40VDC to 1000VDC without additional power supply and with minimum power losses?










share|improve this question











$endgroup$




I would like to make an indicator to show that DC bus (700VDC) capacitors are charged (be careful!).



What is the best way to make a LED indicator, which will work for a long time from 40VDC to 1000VDC without additional power supply and with minimum power losses?







led high-voltage hvdc






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Apr 5 at 16:56







Nikolay

















asked Apr 5 at 16:52









NikolayNikolay

293




293











  • $begingroup$
    "work with" how? What is the intention?
    $endgroup$
    – Eugene Sh.
    Apr 5 at 16:53










  • $begingroup$
    at what? constant current?
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    Apr 5 at 16:54










  • $begingroup$
    it should show us that DC bus capacitors are charged
    $endgroup$
    – Nikolay
    Apr 5 at 16:54






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Welcome to EE.SE! Keep in mind that questions about optimization (i.e., "What is the best ...?") require a definition about what problem dimensions are to be optimized for your application, such as size, speed, energy consumption, user experience, etc. Since these can't be optimized all at once, you need to have a good idea of which ones are most important to you, and be able to articulate that clearly to us.
    $endgroup$
    – Dave Tweed
    Apr 5 at 16:55






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    As interesting as an answer would be, my strong recommendation is that if you have to ask the question, you don't have the skills to work safely with HVDC. Mains is risky but you'll usually survive. At 700V though, one mistake and you're dead. Or one mistake in assembling your project and someone else is dead when the case goes live. You aren't safe to do it, and it would be dangerously idiotic to try. There are easier ways to commit suicide which probably won't kill other people too.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 5 at 21:50
















  • $begingroup$
    "work with" how? What is the intention?
    $endgroup$
    – Eugene Sh.
    Apr 5 at 16:53










  • $begingroup$
    at what? constant current?
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    Apr 5 at 16:54










  • $begingroup$
    it should show us that DC bus capacitors are charged
    $endgroup$
    – Nikolay
    Apr 5 at 16:54






  • 3




    $begingroup$
    Welcome to EE.SE! Keep in mind that questions about optimization (i.e., "What is the best ...?") require a definition about what problem dimensions are to be optimized for your application, such as size, speed, energy consumption, user experience, etc. Since these can't be optimized all at once, you need to have a good idea of which ones are most important to you, and be able to articulate that clearly to us.
    $endgroup$
    – Dave Tweed
    Apr 5 at 16:55






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    As interesting as an answer would be, my strong recommendation is that if you have to ask the question, you don't have the skills to work safely with HVDC. Mains is risky but you'll usually survive. At 700V though, one mistake and you're dead. Or one mistake in assembling your project and someone else is dead when the case goes live. You aren't safe to do it, and it would be dangerously idiotic to try. There are easier ways to commit suicide which probably won't kill other people too.
    $endgroup$
    – Graham
    Apr 5 at 21:50















$begingroup$
"work with" how? What is the intention?
$endgroup$
– Eugene Sh.
Apr 5 at 16:53




$begingroup$
"work with" how? What is the intention?
$endgroup$
– Eugene Sh.
Apr 5 at 16:53












$begingroup$
at what? constant current?
$endgroup$
– Sunnyskyguy EE75
Apr 5 at 16:54




$begingroup$
at what? constant current?
$endgroup$
– Sunnyskyguy EE75
Apr 5 at 16:54












$begingroup$
it should show us that DC bus capacitors are charged
$endgroup$
– Nikolay
Apr 5 at 16:54




$begingroup$
it should show us that DC bus capacitors are charged
$endgroup$
– Nikolay
Apr 5 at 16:54




3




3




$begingroup$
Welcome to EE.SE! Keep in mind that questions about optimization (i.e., "What is the best ...?") require a definition about what problem dimensions are to be optimized for your application, such as size, speed, energy consumption, user experience, etc. Since these can't be optimized all at once, you need to have a good idea of which ones are most important to you, and be able to articulate that clearly to us.
$endgroup$
– Dave Tweed
Apr 5 at 16:55




$begingroup$
Welcome to EE.SE! Keep in mind that questions about optimization (i.e., "What is the best ...?") require a definition about what problem dimensions are to be optimized for your application, such as size, speed, energy consumption, user experience, etc. Since these can't be optimized all at once, you need to have a good idea of which ones are most important to you, and be able to articulate that clearly to us.
$endgroup$
– Dave Tweed
Apr 5 at 16:55




1




1




$begingroup$
As interesting as an answer would be, my strong recommendation is that if you have to ask the question, you don't have the skills to work safely with HVDC. Mains is risky but you'll usually survive. At 700V though, one mistake and you're dead. Or one mistake in assembling your project and someone else is dead when the case goes live. You aren't safe to do it, and it would be dangerously idiotic to try. There are easier ways to commit suicide which probably won't kill other people too.
$endgroup$
– Graham
Apr 5 at 21:50




$begingroup$
As interesting as an answer would be, my strong recommendation is that if you have to ask the question, you don't have the skills to work safely with HVDC. Mains is risky but you'll usually survive. At 700V though, one mistake and you're dead. Or one mistake in assembling your project and someone else is dead when the case goes live. You aren't safe to do it, and it would be dangerously idiotic to try. There are easier ways to commit suicide which probably won't kill other people too.
$endgroup$
– Graham
Apr 5 at 21:50










4 Answers
4






active

oldest

votes


















8












$begingroup$

Connect a moving coil analog voltmeter across the power bus.



Either a voltmeter as shown with internal series resistor or an external resistor
and scale calibrated for the desired range. Photo from this useless site.



Old-school suppliers such as Crompton should be able to supply a meter with the markings you need, if not a turnkey solution.



enter image description here






share|improve this answer











$endgroup$








  • 1




    $begingroup$
    GMTA .........great alike
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    Apr 5 at 17:39










  • $begingroup$
    How does this answer the question?
    $endgroup$
    – Max Ried
    Apr 11 at 17:01










  • $begingroup$
    @MaxRied The meter needle indicates the voltage. It works down to 40V and up to 1000V. The OP asked for an indicator so this answers the question. The scale can be marked with red above 40V to make it even more obvious. It's much safer than other options because it's obvious when it's not working so the possibility of shock is significantly reduced over something like a neon bulb.
    $endgroup$
    – Spehro Pefhany
    Apr 11 at 17:14










  • $begingroup$
    @SpehroPefhany Didn't the OP asked especially for a LED solution?
    $endgroup$
    – Max Ried
    Apr 11 at 19:34










  • $begingroup$
    @MaxRied Yes, and indeed I first thought of an LED relaxation oscillator but really the obvious solution isn't always the best and safest solution.
    $endgroup$
    – Spehro Pefhany
    Apr 11 at 20:28


















7












$begingroup$

Something else to consider is to build a relaxation oscillator using a DIAC, capacitor, LED, and couple of resistors.





Schematic



DIACs are still readily available, although Digi-Key wants to sell them in full reels. They can be found at most electronic suppliers as well as places like eBay, AliExpress, Banggood, and DealeXtreme.



The advantage of using a relaxation oscillator rather than driving the LED with a large-value resistor is that the LED remains visible (flashing) with low voltages applied. It will stop flashing when the input voltage drops below the sum of the DIAC trigger voltage and the LED forward voltage:








share|improve this answer











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Probably the best solution. Only maybe R1 should be 10 M or even more, and the cap under 1uF. Also there are LEDs with 100X light output than the listed one, so R2 can be increased too, which would save power.
    $endgroup$
    – Ale..chenski
    Apr 5 at 19:46











  • $begingroup$
    I normally use very-high-brightness LEDs. The part number on my schematic is simply what the built-in CAD package has as a default.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 5 at 20:08










  • $begingroup$
    You have to keep the discharge current high enough to ensure that the diac switches cleanly from conducting to not conducting. In other words, R2 has to remain fairly low value. But higher brightness is better anyway.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 5 at 20:10










  • $begingroup$
    Wouldn't using an optocoupler here be preferred to decouple and shift to lower voltage? Signal to user/operator shouldn't be powered by high-voltage if they don't have to.
    $endgroup$
    – Mast
    Apr 6 at 5:59










  • $begingroup$
    Original poster wants something that doesn't require external power. Plus: you still have the problem of driving the LED in the opto from that high-voltage power supply. That requires either a large power resistor (or two or three to handle the dissipation) or a relaxation oscillator as shown above.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 6 at 19:28


















4












$begingroup$

An example of a reliable economical no-power-supply (less than US$10) indicator solution that does not cost more than US$200, like the other meters. :(



Since this coil draws 50 µA full scale it is equivalent to 10 V/50 µA= 200 kohm. And thus at 1 kV the R load is 50 mW full scale with 1 kV/50 µA = 20 Mohm 1% or +/-200 kohm.





Schematic





simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



It also draws the least current and is readily available.



Enter image description here






share|improve this answer











$endgroup$




















    3












    $begingroup$

    Another potential option is to use a neon bulb or lamp. The common neon indicator that I used to use is the NE-2H - this has fairly-wide current capability and would be able to handle the current range of caused by the supply voltage changing from less than 100V up to 1000V.



    The downside is that a neon indicator does not match your requirement of indicating down to 40 Vdc. The NE-2H extinguishes (after being lit) at about 60 Vdc.



    NE-2 & NE-2H indicators are still readily available. There are also much larger neon bulbs and lamps but they may not be readily available any longer. But you can check.



    Final downside of a neon indicator is that they do die after an extended time. You have to weigh the consequences of the indicator failing some time in the future. Do note that they fail "gracefully" - they don't fail completely at one time, but rather, degrade. You would use that degradation as an indication that the lamp needs to be replaced.






    share|improve this answer









    $endgroup$












    • $begingroup$
      I had considered this but discarded it due to the V range must be <<1mA with 1M series R is barely visible at 50uA , but then when it wears out you can reverse it and use the other electrode to illuminate. ha.
      $endgroup$
      – Sunnyskyguy EE75
      Apr 5 at 18:32










    • $begingroup$
      I had considered suggesting a simple neon relaxation oscillator but the downside is that the minimum operating voltage would be about 90 Vdc. But it doesn't get much simpler than that - and remains quite visible even with low supply voltage.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 18:49










    • $begingroup$
      Will the neon work on DC power?
      $endgroup$
      – Harper
      Apr 5 at 23:43










    • $begingroup$
      Yes. Neon works well on DC supply. However, only one electrode illuminates. Neon relaxation oscillator works only with DC power. But minimum operating voltage for relaxation oscillator is the firing voltage of the neon bulb - about 90 Vdc for NE-2H.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 23:55











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    4 Answers
    4






    active

    oldest

    votes








    4 Answers
    4






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    8












    $begingroup$

    Connect a moving coil analog voltmeter across the power bus.



    Either a voltmeter as shown with internal series resistor or an external resistor
    and scale calibrated for the desired range. Photo from this useless site.



    Old-school suppliers such as Crompton should be able to supply a meter with the markings you need, if not a turnkey solution.



    enter image description here






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      GMTA .........great alike
      $endgroup$
      – Sunnyskyguy EE75
      Apr 5 at 17:39










    • $begingroup$
      How does this answer the question?
      $endgroup$
      – Max Ried
      Apr 11 at 17:01










    • $begingroup$
      @MaxRied The meter needle indicates the voltage. It works down to 40V and up to 1000V. The OP asked for an indicator so this answers the question. The scale can be marked with red above 40V to make it even more obvious. It's much safer than other options because it's obvious when it's not working so the possibility of shock is significantly reduced over something like a neon bulb.
      $endgroup$
      – Spehro Pefhany
      Apr 11 at 17:14










    • $begingroup$
      @SpehroPefhany Didn't the OP asked especially for a LED solution?
      $endgroup$
      – Max Ried
      Apr 11 at 19:34










    • $begingroup$
      @MaxRied Yes, and indeed I first thought of an LED relaxation oscillator but really the obvious solution isn't always the best and safest solution.
      $endgroup$
      – Spehro Pefhany
      Apr 11 at 20:28















    8












    $begingroup$

    Connect a moving coil analog voltmeter across the power bus.



    Either a voltmeter as shown with internal series resistor or an external resistor
    and scale calibrated for the desired range. Photo from this useless site.



    Old-school suppliers such as Crompton should be able to supply a meter with the markings you need, if not a turnkey solution.



    enter image description here






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$








    • 1




      $begingroup$
      GMTA .........great alike
      $endgroup$
      – Sunnyskyguy EE75
      Apr 5 at 17:39










    • $begingroup$
      How does this answer the question?
      $endgroup$
      – Max Ried
      Apr 11 at 17:01










    • $begingroup$
      @MaxRied The meter needle indicates the voltage. It works down to 40V and up to 1000V. The OP asked for an indicator so this answers the question. The scale can be marked with red above 40V to make it even more obvious. It's much safer than other options because it's obvious when it's not working so the possibility of shock is significantly reduced over something like a neon bulb.
      $endgroup$
      – Spehro Pefhany
      Apr 11 at 17:14










    • $begingroup$
      @SpehroPefhany Didn't the OP asked especially for a LED solution?
      $endgroup$
      – Max Ried
      Apr 11 at 19:34










    • $begingroup$
      @MaxRied Yes, and indeed I first thought of an LED relaxation oscillator but really the obvious solution isn't always the best and safest solution.
      $endgroup$
      – Spehro Pefhany
      Apr 11 at 20:28













    8












    8








    8





    $begingroup$

    Connect a moving coil analog voltmeter across the power bus.



    Either a voltmeter as shown with internal series resistor or an external resistor
    and scale calibrated for the desired range. Photo from this useless site.



    Old-school suppliers such as Crompton should be able to supply a meter with the markings you need, if not a turnkey solution.



    enter image description here






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$



    Connect a moving coil analog voltmeter across the power bus.



    Either a voltmeter as shown with internal series resistor or an external resistor
    and scale calibrated for the desired range. Photo from this useless site.



    Old-school suppliers such as Crompton should be able to supply a meter with the markings you need, if not a turnkey solution.



    enter image description here







    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited Apr 5 at 17:46

























    answered Apr 5 at 17:38









    Spehro PefhanySpehro Pefhany

    215k5164436




    215k5164436







    • 1




      $begingroup$
      GMTA .........great alike
      $endgroup$
      – Sunnyskyguy EE75
      Apr 5 at 17:39










    • $begingroup$
      How does this answer the question?
      $endgroup$
      – Max Ried
      Apr 11 at 17:01










    • $begingroup$
      @MaxRied The meter needle indicates the voltage. It works down to 40V and up to 1000V. The OP asked for an indicator so this answers the question. The scale can be marked with red above 40V to make it even more obvious. It's much safer than other options because it's obvious when it's not working so the possibility of shock is significantly reduced over something like a neon bulb.
      $endgroup$
      – Spehro Pefhany
      Apr 11 at 17:14










    • $begingroup$
      @SpehroPefhany Didn't the OP asked especially for a LED solution?
      $endgroup$
      – Max Ried
      Apr 11 at 19:34










    • $begingroup$
      @MaxRied Yes, and indeed I first thought of an LED relaxation oscillator but really the obvious solution isn't always the best and safest solution.
      $endgroup$
      – Spehro Pefhany
      Apr 11 at 20:28












    • 1




      $begingroup$
      GMTA .........great alike
      $endgroup$
      – Sunnyskyguy EE75
      Apr 5 at 17:39










    • $begingroup$
      How does this answer the question?
      $endgroup$
      – Max Ried
      Apr 11 at 17:01










    • $begingroup$
      @MaxRied The meter needle indicates the voltage. It works down to 40V and up to 1000V. The OP asked for an indicator so this answers the question. The scale can be marked with red above 40V to make it even more obvious. It's much safer than other options because it's obvious when it's not working so the possibility of shock is significantly reduced over something like a neon bulb.
      $endgroup$
      – Spehro Pefhany
      Apr 11 at 17:14










    • $begingroup$
      @SpehroPefhany Didn't the OP asked especially for a LED solution?
      $endgroup$
      – Max Ried
      Apr 11 at 19:34










    • $begingroup$
      @MaxRied Yes, and indeed I first thought of an LED relaxation oscillator but really the obvious solution isn't always the best and safest solution.
      $endgroup$
      – Spehro Pefhany
      Apr 11 at 20:28







    1




    1




    $begingroup$
    GMTA .........great alike
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    Apr 5 at 17:39




    $begingroup$
    GMTA .........great alike
    $endgroup$
    – Sunnyskyguy EE75
    Apr 5 at 17:39












    $begingroup$
    How does this answer the question?
    $endgroup$
    – Max Ried
    Apr 11 at 17:01




    $begingroup$
    How does this answer the question?
    $endgroup$
    – Max Ried
    Apr 11 at 17:01












    $begingroup$
    @MaxRied The meter needle indicates the voltage. It works down to 40V and up to 1000V. The OP asked for an indicator so this answers the question. The scale can be marked with red above 40V to make it even more obvious. It's much safer than other options because it's obvious when it's not working so the possibility of shock is significantly reduced over something like a neon bulb.
    $endgroup$
    – Spehro Pefhany
    Apr 11 at 17:14




    $begingroup$
    @MaxRied The meter needle indicates the voltage. It works down to 40V and up to 1000V. The OP asked for an indicator so this answers the question. The scale can be marked with red above 40V to make it even more obvious. It's much safer than other options because it's obvious when it's not working so the possibility of shock is significantly reduced over something like a neon bulb.
    $endgroup$
    – Spehro Pefhany
    Apr 11 at 17:14












    $begingroup$
    @SpehroPefhany Didn't the OP asked especially for a LED solution?
    $endgroup$
    – Max Ried
    Apr 11 at 19:34




    $begingroup$
    @SpehroPefhany Didn't the OP asked especially for a LED solution?
    $endgroup$
    – Max Ried
    Apr 11 at 19:34












    $begingroup$
    @MaxRied Yes, and indeed I first thought of an LED relaxation oscillator but really the obvious solution isn't always the best and safest solution.
    $endgroup$
    – Spehro Pefhany
    Apr 11 at 20:28




    $begingroup$
    @MaxRied Yes, and indeed I first thought of an LED relaxation oscillator but really the obvious solution isn't always the best and safest solution.
    $endgroup$
    – Spehro Pefhany
    Apr 11 at 20:28













    7












    $begingroup$

    Something else to consider is to build a relaxation oscillator using a DIAC, capacitor, LED, and couple of resistors.





    Schematic



    DIACs are still readily available, although Digi-Key wants to sell them in full reels. They can be found at most electronic suppliers as well as places like eBay, AliExpress, Banggood, and DealeXtreme.



    The advantage of using a relaxation oscillator rather than driving the LED with a large-value resistor is that the LED remains visible (flashing) with low voltages applied. It will stop flashing when the input voltage drops below the sum of the DIAC trigger voltage and the LED forward voltage:








    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$












    • $begingroup$
      Probably the best solution. Only maybe R1 should be 10 M or even more, and the cap under 1uF. Also there are LEDs with 100X light output than the listed one, so R2 can be increased too, which would save power.
      $endgroup$
      – Ale..chenski
      Apr 5 at 19:46











    • $begingroup$
      I normally use very-high-brightness LEDs. The part number on my schematic is simply what the built-in CAD package has as a default.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 20:08










    • $begingroup$
      You have to keep the discharge current high enough to ensure that the diac switches cleanly from conducting to not conducting. In other words, R2 has to remain fairly low value. But higher brightness is better anyway.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 20:10










    • $begingroup$
      Wouldn't using an optocoupler here be preferred to decouple and shift to lower voltage? Signal to user/operator shouldn't be powered by high-voltage if they don't have to.
      $endgroup$
      – Mast
      Apr 6 at 5:59










    • $begingroup$
      Original poster wants something that doesn't require external power. Plus: you still have the problem of driving the LED in the opto from that high-voltage power supply. That requires either a large power resistor (or two or three to handle the dissipation) or a relaxation oscillator as shown above.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 6 at 19:28















    7












    $begingroup$

    Something else to consider is to build a relaxation oscillator using a DIAC, capacitor, LED, and couple of resistors.





    Schematic



    DIACs are still readily available, although Digi-Key wants to sell them in full reels. They can be found at most electronic suppliers as well as places like eBay, AliExpress, Banggood, and DealeXtreme.



    The advantage of using a relaxation oscillator rather than driving the LED with a large-value resistor is that the LED remains visible (flashing) with low voltages applied. It will stop flashing when the input voltage drops below the sum of the DIAC trigger voltage and the LED forward voltage:








    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$












    • $begingroup$
      Probably the best solution. Only maybe R1 should be 10 M or even more, and the cap under 1uF. Also there are LEDs with 100X light output than the listed one, so R2 can be increased too, which would save power.
      $endgroup$
      – Ale..chenski
      Apr 5 at 19:46











    • $begingroup$
      I normally use very-high-brightness LEDs. The part number on my schematic is simply what the built-in CAD package has as a default.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 20:08










    • $begingroup$
      You have to keep the discharge current high enough to ensure that the diac switches cleanly from conducting to not conducting. In other words, R2 has to remain fairly low value. But higher brightness is better anyway.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 20:10










    • $begingroup$
      Wouldn't using an optocoupler here be preferred to decouple and shift to lower voltage? Signal to user/operator shouldn't be powered by high-voltage if they don't have to.
      $endgroup$
      – Mast
      Apr 6 at 5:59










    • $begingroup$
      Original poster wants something that doesn't require external power. Plus: you still have the problem of driving the LED in the opto from that high-voltage power supply. That requires either a large power resistor (or two or three to handle the dissipation) or a relaxation oscillator as shown above.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 6 at 19:28













    7












    7








    7





    $begingroup$

    Something else to consider is to build a relaxation oscillator using a DIAC, capacitor, LED, and couple of resistors.





    Schematic



    DIACs are still readily available, although Digi-Key wants to sell them in full reels. They can be found at most electronic suppliers as well as places like eBay, AliExpress, Banggood, and DealeXtreme.



    The advantage of using a relaxation oscillator rather than driving the LED with a large-value resistor is that the LED remains visible (flashing) with low voltages applied. It will stop flashing when the input voltage drops below the sum of the DIAC trigger voltage and the LED forward voltage:








    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$



    Something else to consider is to build a relaxation oscillator using a DIAC, capacitor, LED, and couple of resistors.





    Schematic



    DIACs are still readily available, although Digi-Key wants to sell them in full reels. They can be found at most electronic suppliers as well as places like eBay, AliExpress, Banggood, and DealeXtreme.



    The advantage of using a relaxation oscillator rather than driving the LED with a large-value resistor is that the LED remains visible (flashing) with low voltages applied. It will stop flashing when the input voltage drops below the sum of the DIAC trigger voltage and the LED forward voltage:









    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited Apr 6 at 19:46









    Peter Mortensen

    1,60031422




    1,60031422










    answered Apr 5 at 18:42









    Dwayne ReidDwayne Reid

    18.3k21949




    18.3k21949











    • $begingroup$
      Probably the best solution. Only maybe R1 should be 10 M or even more, and the cap under 1uF. Also there are LEDs with 100X light output than the listed one, so R2 can be increased too, which would save power.
      $endgroup$
      – Ale..chenski
      Apr 5 at 19:46











    • $begingroup$
      I normally use very-high-brightness LEDs. The part number on my schematic is simply what the built-in CAD package has as a default.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 20:08










    • $begingroup$
      You have to keep the discharge current high enough to ensure that the diac switches cleanly from conducting to not conducting. In other words, R2 has to remain fairly low value. But higher brightness is better anyway.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 20:10










    • $begingroup$
      Wouldn't using an optocoupler here be preferred to decouple and shift to lower voltage? Signal to user/operator shouldn't be powered by high-voltage if they don't have to.
      $endgroup$
      – Mast
      Apr 6 at 5:59










    • $begingroup$
      Original poster wants something that doesn't require external power. Plus: you still have the problem of driving the LED in the opto from that high-voltage power supply. That requires either a large power resistor (or two or three to handle the dissipation) or a relaxation oscillator as shown above.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 6 at 19:28
















    • $begingroup$
      Probably the best solution. Only maybe R1 should be 10 M or even more, and the cap under 1uF. Also there are LEDs with 100X light output than the listed one, so R2 can be increased too, which would save power.
      $endgroup$
      – Ale..chenski
      Apr 5 at 19:46











    • $begingroup$
      I normally use very-high-brightness LEDs. The part number on my schematic is simply what the built-in CAD package has as a default.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 20:08










    • $begingroup$
      You have to keep the discharge current high enough to ensure that the diac switches cleanly from conducting to not conducting. In other words, R2 has to remain fairly low value. But higher brightness is better anyway.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 5 at 20:10










    • $begingroup$
      Wouldn't using an optocoupler here be preferred to decouple and shift to lower voltage? Signal to user/operator shouldn't be powered by high-voltage if they don't have to.
      $endgroup$
      – Mast
      Apr 6 at 5:59










    • $begingroup$
      Original poster wants something that doesn't require external power. Plus: you still have the problem of driving the LED in the opto from that high-voltage power supply. That requires either a large power resistor (or two or three to handle the dissipation) or a relaxation oscillator as shown above.
      $endgroup$
      – Dwayne Reid
      Apr 6 at 19:28















    $begingroup$
    Probably the best solution. Only maybe R1 should be 10 M or even more, and the cap under 1uF. Also there are LEDs with 100X light output than the listed one, so R2 can be increased too, which would save power.
    $endgroup$
    – Ale..chenski
    Apr 5 at 19:46





    $begingroup$
    Probably the best solution. Only maybe R1 should be 10 M or even more, and the cap under 1uF. Also there are LEDs with 100X light output than the listed one, so R2 can be increased too, which would save power.
    $endgroup$
    – Ale..chenski
    Apr 5 at 19:46













    $begingroup$
    I normally use very-high-brightness LEDs. The part number on my schematic is simply what the built-in CAD package has as a default.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 5 at 20:08




    $begingroup$
    I normally use very-high-brightness LEDs. The part number on my schematic is simply what the built-in CAD package has as a default.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 5 at 20:08












    $begingroup$
    You have to keep the discharge current high enough to ensure that the diac switches cleanly from conducting to not conducting. In other words, R2 has to remain fairly low value. But higher brightness is better anyway.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 5 at 20:10




    $begingroup$
    You have to keep the discharge current high enough to ensure that the diac switches cleanly from conducting to not conducting. In other words, R2 has to remain fairly low value. But higher brightness is better anyway.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 5 at 20:10












    $begingroup$
    Wouldn't using an optocoupler here be preferred to decouple and shift to lower voltage? Signal to user/operator shouldn't be powered by high-voltage if they don't have to.
    $endgroup$
    – Mast
    Apr 6 at 5:59




    $begingroup$
    Wouldn't using an optocoupler here be preferred to decouple and shift to lower voltage? Signal to user/operator shouldn't be powered by high-voltage if they don't have to.
    $endgroup$
    – Mast
    Apr 6 at 5:59












    $begingroup$
    Original poster wants something that doesn't require external power. Plus: you still have the problem of driving the LED in the opto from that high-voltage power supply. That requires either a large power resistor (or two or three to handle the dissipation) or a relaxation oscillator as shown above.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 6 at 19:28




    $begingroup$
    Original poster wants something that doesn't require external power. Plus: you still have the problem of driving the LED in the opto from that high-voltage power supply. That requires either a large power resistor (or two or three to handle the dissipation) or a relaxation oscillator as shown above.
    $endgroup$
    – Dwayne Reid
    Apr 6 at 19:28











    4












    $begingroup$

    An example of a reliable economical no-power-supply (less than US$10) indicator solution that does not cost more than US$200, like the other meters. :(



    Since this coil draws 50 µA full scale it is equivalent to 10 V/50 µA= 200 kohm. And thus at 1 kV the R load is 50 mW full scale with 1 kV/50 µA = 20 Mohm 1% or +/-200 kohm.





    Schematic





    simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



    It also draws the least current and is readily available.



    Enter image description here






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$

















      4












      $begingroup$

      An example of a reliable economical no-power-supply (less than US$10) indicator solution that does not cost more than US$200, like the other meters. :(



      Since this coil draws 50 µA full scale it is equivalent to 10 V/50 µA= 200 kohm. And thus at 1 kV the R load is 50 mW full scale with 1 kV/50 µA = 20 Mohm 1% or +/-200 kohm.





      Schematic





      simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



      It also draws the least current and is readily available.



      Enter image description here






      share|improve this answer











      $endgroup$















        4












        4








        4





        $begingroup$

        An example of a reliable economical no-power-supply (less than US$10) indicator solution that does not cost more than US$200, like the other meters. :(



        Since this coil draws 50 µA full scale it is equivalent to 10 V/50 µA= 200 kohm. And thus at 1 kV the R load is 50 mW full scale with 1 kV/50 µA = 20 Mohm 1% or +/-200 kohm.





        Schematic





        simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



        It also draws the least current and is readily available.



        Enter image description here






        share|improve this answer











        $endgroup$



        An example of a reliable economical no-power-supply (less than US$10) indicator solution that does not cost more than US$200, like the other meters. :(



        Since this coil draws 50 µA full scale it is equivalent to 10 V/50 µA= 200 kohm. And thus at 1 kV the R load is 50 mW full scale with 1 kV/50 µA = 20 Mohm 1% or +/-200 kohm.





        Schematic





        simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab



        It also draws the least current and is readily available.



        Enter image description here







        share|improve this answer














        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer








        edited Apr 6 at 15:36









        Peter Mortensen

        1,60031422




        1,60031422










        answered Apr 5 at 19:34









        Sunnyskyguy EE75Sunnyskyguy EE75

        72k227103




        72k227103





















            3












            $begingroup$

            Another potential option is to use a neon bulb or lamp. The common neon indicator that I used to use is the NE-2H - this has fairly-wide current capability and would be able to handle the current range of caused by the supply voltage changing from less than 100V up to 1000V.



            The downside is that a neon indicator does not match your requirement of indicating down to 40 Vdc. The NE-2H extinguishes (after being lit) at about 60 Vdc.



            NE-2 & NE-2H indicators are still readily available. There are also much larger neon bulbs and lamps but they may not be readily available any longer. But you can check.



            Final downside of a neon indicator is that they do die after an extended time. You have to weigh the consequences of the indicator failing some time in the future. Do note that they fail "gracefully" - they don't fail completely at one time, but rather, degrade. You would use that degradation as an indication that the lamp needs to be replaced.






            share|improve this answer









            $endgroup$












            • $begingroup$
              I had considered this but discarded it due to the V range must be <<1mA with 1M series R is barely visible at 50uA , but then when it wears out you can reverse it and use the other electrode to illuminate. ha.
              $endgroup$
              – Sunnyskyguy EE75
              Apr 5 at 18:32










            • $begingroup$
              I had considered suggesting a simple neon relaxation oscillator but the downside is that the minimum operating voltage would be about 90 Vdc. But it doesn't get much simpler than that - and remains quite visible even with low supply voltage.
              $endgroup$
              – Dwayne Reid
              Apr 5 at 18:49










            • $begingroup$
              Will the neon work on DC power?
              $endgroup$
              – Harper
              Apr 5 at 23:43










            • $begingroup$
              Yes. Neon works well on DC supply. However, only one electrode illuminates. Neon relaxation oscillator works only with DC power. But minimum operating voltage for relaxation oscillator is the firing voltage of the neon bulb - about 90 Vdc for NE-2H.
              $endgroup$
              – Dwayne Reid
              Apr 5 at 23:55















            3












            $begingroup$

            Another potential option is to use a neon bulb or lamp. The common neon indicator that I used to use is the NE-2H - this has fairly-wide current capability and would be able to handle the current range of caused by the supply voltage changing from less than 100V up to 1000V.



            The downside is that a neon indicator does not match your requirement of indicating down to 40 Vdc. The NE-2H extinguishes (after being lit) at about 60 Vdc.



            NE-2 & NE-2H indicators are still readily available. There are also much larger neon bulbs and lamps but they may not be readily available any longer. But you can check.



            Final downside of a neon indicator is that they do die after an extended time. You have to weigh the consequences of the indicator failing some time in the future. Do note that they fail "gracefully" - they don't fail completely at one time, but rather, degrade. You would use that degradation as an indication that the lamp needs to be replaced.






            share|improve this answer









            $endgroup$












            • $begingroup$
              I had considered this but discarded it due to the V range must be <<1mA with 1M series R is barely visible at 50uA , but then when it wears out you can reverse it and use the other electrode to illuminate. ha.
              $endgroup$
              – Sunnyskyguy EE75
              Apr 5 at 18:32










            • $begingroup$
              I had considered suggesting a simple neon relaxation oscillator but the downside is that the minimum operating voltage would be about 90 Vdc. But it doesn't get much simpler than that - and remains quite visible even with low supply voltage.
              $endgroup$
              – Dwayne Reid
              Apr 5 at 18:49










            • $begingroup$
              Will the neon work on DC power?
              $endgroup$
              – Harper
              Apr 5 at 23:43










            • $begingroup$
              Yes. Neon works well on DC supply. However, only one electrode illuminates. Neon relaxation oscillator works only with DC power. But minimum operating voltage for relaxation oscillator is the firing voltage of the neon bulb - about 90 Vdc for NE-2H.
              $endgroup$
              – Dwayne Reid
              Apr 5 at 23:55













            3












            3








            3





            $begingroup$

            Another potential option is to use a neon bulb or lamp. The common neon indicator that I used to use is the NE-2H - this has fairly-wide current capability and would be able to handle the current range of caused by the supply voltage changing from less than 100V up to 1000V.



            The downside is that a neon indicator does not match your requirement of indicating down to 40 Vdc. The NE-2H extinguishes (after being lit) at about 60 Vdc.



            NE-2 & NE-2H indicators are still readily available. There are also much larger neon bulbs and lamps but they may not be readily available any longer. But you can check.



            Final downside of a neon indicator is that they do die after an extended time. You have to weigh the consequences of the indicator failing some time in the future. Do note that they fail "gracefully" - they don't fail completely at one time, but rather, degrade. You would use that degradation as an indication that the lamp needs to be replaced.






            share|improve this answer









            $endgroup$



            Another potential option is to use a neon bulb or lamp. The common neon indicator that I used to use is the NE-2H - this has fairly-wide current capability and would be able to handle the current range of caused by the supply voltage changing from less than 100V up to 1000V.



            The downside is that a neon indicator does not match your requirement of indicating down to 40 Vdc. The NE-2H extinguishes (after being lit) at about 60 Vdc.



            NE-2 & NE-2H indicators are still readily available. There are also much larger neon bulbs and lamps but they may not be readily available any longer. But you can check.



            Final downside of a neon indicator is that they do die after an extended time. You have to weigh the consequences of the indicator failing some time in the future. Do note that they fail "gracefully" - they don't fail completely at one time, but rather, degrade. You would use that degradation as an indication that the lamp needs to be replaced.







            share|improve this answer












            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer










            answered Apr 5 at 18:25









            Dwayne ReidDwayne Reid

            18.3k21949




            18.3k21949











            • $begingroup$
              I had considered this but discarded it due to the V range must be <<1mA with 1M series R is barely visible at 50uA , but then when it wears out you can reverse it and use the other electrode to illuminate. ha.
              $endgroup$
              – Sunnyskyguy EE75
              Apr 5 at 18:32










            • $begingroup$
              I had considered suggesting a simple neon relaxation oscillator but the downside is that the minimum operating voltage would be about 90 Vdc. But it doesn't get much simpler than that - and remains quite visible even with low supply voltage.
              $endgroup$
              – Dwayne Reid
              Apr 5 at 18:49










            • $begingroup$
              Will the neon work on DC power?
              $endgroup$
              – Harper
              Apr 5 at 23:43










            • $begingroup$
              Yes. Neon works well on DC supply. However, only one electrode illuminates. Neon relaxation oscillator works only with DC power. But minimum operating voltage for relaxation oscillator is the firing voltage of the neon bulb - about 90 Vdc for NE-2H.
              $endgroup$
              – Dwayne Reid
              Apr 5 at 23:55
















            • $begingroup$
              I had considered this but discarded it due to the V range must be <<1mA with 1M series R is barely visible at 50uA , but then when it wears out you can reverse it and use the other electrode to illuminate. ha.
              $endgroup$
              – Sunnyskyguy EE75
              Apr 5 at 18:32










            • $begingroup$
              I had considered suggesting a simple neon relaxation oscillator but the downside is that the minimum operating voltage would be about 90 Vdc. But it doesn't get much simpler than that - and remains quite visible even with low supply voltage.
              $endgroup$
              – Dwayne Reid
              Apr 5 at 18:49










            • $begingroup$
              Will the neon work on DC power?
              $endgroup$
              – Harper
              Apr 5 at 23:43










            • $begingroup$
              Yes. Neon works well on DC supply. However, only one electrode illuminates. Neon relaxation oscillator works only with DC power. But minimum operating voltage for relaxation oscillator is the firing voltage of the neon bulb - about 90 Vdc for NE-2H.
              $endgroup$
              – Dwayne Reid
              Apr 5 at 23:55















            $begingroup$
            I had considered this but discarded it due to the V range must be <<1mA with 1M series R is barely visible at 50uA , but then when it wears out you can reverse it and use the other electrode to illuminate. ha.
            $endgroup$
            – Sunnyskyguy EE75
            Apr 5 at 18:32




            $begingroup$
            I had considered this but discarded it due to the V range must be <<1mA with 1M series R is barely visible at 50uA , but then when it wears out you can reverse it and use the other electrode to illuminate. ha.
            $endgroup$
            – Sunnyskyguy EE75
            Apr 5 at 18:32












            $begingroup$
            I had considered suggesting a simple neon relaxation oscillator but the downside is that the minimum operating voltage would be about 90 Vdc. But it doesn't get much simpler than that - and remains quite visible even with low supply voltage.
            $endgroup$
            – Dwayne Reid
            Apr 5 at 18:49




            $begingroup$
            I had considered suggesting a simple neon relaxation oscillator but the downside is that the minimum operating voltage would be about 90 Vdc. But it doesn't get much simpler than that - and remains quite visible even with low supply voltage.
            $endgroup$
            – Dwayne Reid
            Apr 5 at 18:49












            $begingroup$
            Will the neon work on DC power?
            $endgroup$
            – Harper
            Apr 5 at 23:43




            $begingroup$
            Will the neon work on DC power?
            $endgroup$
            – Harper
            Apr 5 at 23:43












            $begingroup$
            Yes. Neon works well on DC supply. However, only one electrode illuminates. Neon relaxation oscillator works only with DC power. But minimum operating voltage for relaxation oscillator is the firing voltage of the neon bulb - about 90 Vdc for NE-2H.
            $endgroup$
            – Dwayne Reid
            Apr 5 at 23:55




            $begingroup$
            Yes. Neon works well on DC supply. However, only one electrode illuminates. Neon relaxation oscillator works only with DC power. But minimum operating voltage for relaxation oscillator is the firing voltage of the neon bulb - about 90 Vdc for NE-2H.
            $endgroup$
            – Dwayne Reid
            Apr 5 at 23:55

















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